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A Physical Review Letters study likens deep neural network feature learning to spring-block mechanics, linking data simplification to spring extension and nonlinearity to friction. The model reveals how noise can balance separation across layers and help predict performance, offering a powerful tool to optimise training, improve generalisation, and enhance efficiency in large AI systems.

Astronomers have detected a dormant black hole with a mass equal to 36 billion Suns in the Cosmic Horseshoe system, 5 billion light-years away. Identified via gravitational lensing and stellar motion, it ranks among the largest known black holes. The discovery sheds light on the link between galaxy size and central black hole growth.

NASA’s latest wind tunnel tests on a tiltwing model are giving the advanced air mobility industry valuable data to improve air taxi and drone designs. By studying wing and propeller interactions in different conditions, NASA is helping create safer and more efficient next-generation aircraft.

University of Maryland researchers have designed self-adaptive electrolytes that dynamically expand their stability during charging, enabling safer and faster high-energy batteries. Inspired by the “salting-out” effect, the approach has shown improved performance in both lithium-metal and zinc-metal cells, paving the way for next-generation energy storage solutions.